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Bacteria in the large intestine also help to recover bile salts that were not absorbed in the earlier digestive process.In the large intestine, bile salts undergo changes that make them more hydrophobic, allowing them to be passively absorbed again. However, these changes can also make the bile salts more toxic. High levels of these altered bile acids are linked to diseases like cholesterol gallstones and colon cancer.
Ridlon et al. 2006 J. Lipid Res. 47:…