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Abstract:
Oncolytic viruses (OV) are considered as promising tools in cancer treatment. In addition to direct cytolysis, the stimulation of both innate and adaptive immune responses is the most important mechanism in oncolytic virotherapy that finally leads to the long-standing tumor retardations in the advanced melanoma clinical trials. The OVs have become a worthy method in cancer treatment, due to their several biological advantages including (1) the selective replication in cancer cells without affecting normal cells; (2) the lack of resistance to the treatment; (3) cancer stem cell targeting; (4) the ability to be spread; and (5) the immune response induction against the tumors. [Numerous types of vir…