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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, single-stranded, non-coding RNAs that are typically 19–25 nucleotides long. They regulate gene expression after transcription by binding complementary messenger RNAs (mRNAs), thereby suppressing translation and shaping protein production (1, 2, 3, 4, 5).
miRNAs are essential components of cellular gene-regulatory networks. Across 206 species, approximately 24,521 genomic loci produce more than 30,000 mature miRNAs. More than 2,500 well-chara…