B vitamins

What Does B-Vitamin Cross-Feeding Mean?

B-vitamin cross-feeding remains an important area of research because, although microorganisms need only small amounts of these vitamins for metabolism, many cannot produce them independently and must obtain them from other organisms (8). Humans cannot synthesize B vitamins de novo, which means they must obtain them through their diet or from microbial synthesis in the gut (3).

B vitamins as a vital group of micronutrients

B vitamins represent a vital group of micronutrients, serving as indispensable cofactors for numerous enzymes or directly participating in host metabolism (1). They are essential nutrients that play a critical role in many physiological processes important for human health. They serve as p…