CD284 (Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR-4)) & Lipopolysaccharides (LPS)

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Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has the ability to bind with lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), which in turn activates Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) through a complex involving CD14 and Lymphocyte antigen 96 (LY96) in macrophages (1, 2, 3, 4, 5).

Catalytic properties of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding protein. Transfer of LPS to soluble CD14.
Yu & Wright 1996 J Biol Chem 271: 4100-4105
Defective LPS signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr mice: mutations in Tlr4 gene
Poltorak et al. 1998 Science 282: 2085-2088
Divergent response to LPS and bacteria in CD14-deﬁcient murine macrophages.
Moore et al. 2000 J Immunol 165: 4272-4280
Lipopolysaccharide is in close proximity to each of the proteins in its membrane receptor complex. Transfer from CD14 to TLR4 and MD-2
da Silva Correia et al. 2001 J Biol Chem 276: 2112921135
LPS, TLR4 and infectious disease diversity
Miller et al. 2005 Nat Rev Microbiol 3: 36-46
Review

10/17/2026