Immune responses

What is the purpose of cellular immune responses?

Cells have immune responses that detect and restrict infections by intracellular pathogens.These responses can be passive or active, allowing cells to block bacterial and viral invasion and replication (1). Immune responses to foreign and self-antigens require specific and balanced responses to clear pathogens and tumors and yet maintain tolerance (2).

How is the selectivity of immune responses ensured?

The selectivity of the immune response is dictated by sensors that recognize the stimulus, by the downstream signaling pathways, and by the transcriptional and chromatin regulators activated by these pathways (3, 4, 5, 6, 7).

What types of immune responses need to be distinguished?

[Different types of i…