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meRfi® Microbiome - The Digital Gut Microbiome Reference (incl. AI Chat)
Prebiotics, Probiotics, FMT / Manipulators of the Intestinal Microbiota

AuthorsReferences (Sources)

AuthorsReferences (Sources)

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Bile salts / Bile acids & Takeda G-protein-coupled Receptor 5 (TGR5, BG37, GBPAR1)

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Bile salts / Bile acids have been shown to bind to the muscarinic receptor and Takeda G-Protein-Coupled Receptor 5 (TGR5 ; BG37 ; GBPAR1)
Hanafi et al. 2018 Biomolecules 8: 159

TGR5 is mainly activated by unconjugated and secondary BAs
Duboc et al. 2014 Dig. Liver Dis. 46: 302–312

Bile salts / Bile acids specifically induced [receptor internalization](…

References (Sources)

Emerging roles of bile acids in mucosal immunity and inflammation
Chen et al. 2019q Mucosal Immunol 12: 851-61
Review
Overview of Bile Acids Signaling and Perspective on the Signal of Ursodeoxycholic Acid, the Most Hydrophilic Bile Acid, in the Heart
Hanafi et al. 2018 Biomolecules 8: 159
Review
Role of bile acids and their receptors in gastrointestinal and hepatic pathophysiology
Fuchs & Trauner 2022 Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 19: 432-450
Review
TGR5 reduces macrophage migration through mTOR-induced C/EBPbeta differential translation
Perino et al. 2014 J. Clin. Invest. 124: 5424-5436
TGR5 signalling inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by in vitro differentiated inflammatory and intestinal macrophages in Crohn’s disease
Yoneno et al. 2013 Immunology 139: 19-29
The bile acid TGR5 membrane receptor: from basic research to clinical application
Duboc et al. 2014 Dig. Liver Dis. 46: 302–312
Review
The G-protein coupled bile acid receptor Gpbar1 (TGR5) negatively regulates hepatic inflammatory response through antagonizing Nuclear Factor κB
Wang et al. 2011a Hepatology. 54: 1421-1432

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