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A placebo-controlled, cross-over trial
Outcome measures:
Natural killer (NK) cell activity, Interleukin (IL)-12 production
The authors' conclusion was that these results demonstrate that Lacticaseibacillus casei Shirota can enhance NK cell activity in vivo and in vitro in humans, and IL-12 may be responsible for enhancing NK cell activity triggered by Lacticaseibacillus (Lactobacillus) casei Shirota / Yakult.
Takeda et al 2006 Clin Exp Immunol 146: 109-115
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