Bacterial Mucosa-associated Microbiome in Inflamed and Proximal Noninflamed Ileum of Patients With Crohn’s Disease

Introduction:
During their lifetime, 75%–80% of CD patients will require surgical intervention, (1, 3) most commonly ileocecal resection (ICR). (2, 4)
Furthermore, 75%–80% of pts experience endoscopic recurrence of disease, usually in the neoterminal ileum, proximal to the surgical anastomosis (1–3,5).

Pts with CD have an altered gut microbiome composition compared with healthy controls, characterized by decreased bacterial diversity and alterations in bacterial composition, including increased abundances of potentially harmful bacteria and decreased abundances of protective bacteria. (6–9)

More specifically, the altered mucosal microbiome in the ileal mucosa of CD patients is characterized by increased abundances of Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria phyla, in addition to Enterobacteriaceae, Veillonellaceae…