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Epithelial cells in barrier tissues detect and eliminate pathogens. They use membrane-bound and cytosolic receptors. These receptors bind to various ligands. They detect pathogen components and behaviors. This stimulates cell-autonomous immunity. Epithelial cells also respond to commensal and diet-derived products. This helps maintain homeostasis. Recent studies have clarified their molecular sensors. These sensors help balance homeostasis and pathogen elimination. Epithelial cells are central to innate immunity.
In addition to [epithelial cells](brain://29P71l_ANkueEe…