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A submucosal ganglion refers to a cluster of nerve cells located within the submucosal layer (Meissner's plexus) of the gastrointestinal tract. These ganglia are part of the enteric nervous system, which is responsible for controlling various functions of the gastrointestinal tract, including motility, secretion, and blood flow. In certain conditions, such as Hirschsprung's disease, there is an absence of ganglion cells in both the submucosal and myenteric plexuses, leading to severe bowel obstruction due to lack of peristalsis
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