Emerging drugs for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer: a focus on phase II immunotherapy trials

Introduction: Triple-negative breast cancer accounts for 10–20% of invasive breast cancers and is characterized by an aggressive phenotype and poor outcomes in the early and advanced settings compared to other breast cancer subtypes. Chemotherapy continues to be the mainstay of treatment, but recent advances have demonstrated the benefit of adding immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) to chemotherapy regimens for patients with both early and advanced TNBC, particularly if PD-L1-positive. Despite these results, further improvements are needed.

Areas covered: This review covers immunotherapy drugs which have recently completed, involved in ongoing or due to start phase II trials. This includes approaches to augment the response to existing ICIs, next-generation ICIs, combination treatments with targeted agents a…